Proximity Search

Use Proximity Search to find two or three words or lemmata that occur within a specified number of words of one another. You can also control whether the terms may appear in either order or whether one must occur before or after another.

Up to three terms

Enter two required terms and, when needed, a third term.

Flexible distance

Specify the maximum number of words that may separate the terms.

Three search modes

Run a Word Index, Lemma, or Textual proximity search.

Note: Proximity Search finds terms near one another. It is not an exact phrase search.

1. Open Proximity Search

Open Text Search, select Search, and then select the Proximity tab.

Proximity Search panel
Figure 1. Proximity Search panel

2. Enter two or three search terms

  1. Enter the first word or lemma.
  2. Choose the connector between the first and second terms.
  3. Enter the second word or lemma.
  4. Optionally enter a third term.
  5. Select Go.

When Lemma is selected, matching lemmata appear as you type. Select the intended lemma from the list.

Lemma suggestions in Proximity Search
Figure 4. Lemma suggestions in Proximity Search

3. Set the distance and order

Use the Within field to specify the maximum number of words between the search terms. The search supports up to 50 words of context.

Control Meaning
Within n words Sets the maximum distance between the terms.
Near Allows the term to occur on either side of the reference term.
Before Requires the term to occur before the reference term, when available.
After Requires the term to occur after the reference term, when available.
Tip: Begin with a narrow distance, such as five words, and increase it only if the search is too restrictive.

4. Choose a search type

Type Use it when
Word Index You know the wordforms and want the fastest indexed search.
Lemma You want all forms associated with the dictionary headwords.
Textual You need direct character-by-character searching.

5. Refine the search

The same input and sensitivity options used in Simple Search also apply here.

Option What it does
Case Sensitive Distinguishes uppercase and lowercase characters.
Exact Match Searches for the exact string entered.
Diacritics Sensitive Requires Greek diacritics to match.
Wildcard Allows supported wildcard patterns.
Non-alphabetic characters Allows symbols and Beta Code escapes.
Adscript as subscript Treats unambiguous iota adscript forms like iota subscript forms.

6. Review the results

Results appear as passages with the matching terms highlighted. The right sidebar shows the search count and the wordforms included in the result set.

Proximity Search results displayed as a list
Figure 2. Proximity Search results displayed as a list

Use the sidebar checkboxes to include or exclude individual wordforms. Use the controls above the results to display results as a list or by author, move through result pages, and save, export, or print the result set.

7. Display results by author

Select By Author to group or filter results by author. The right sidebar lists the authors represented in the search and the number of matches associated with each.

Results grouped by author
Figure 3. Results grouped by author

8. View morphology and lexicon information

Select a highlighted wordform in the results to open the Morphology panel. The panel may display the lemma, possible grammatical analyses, and links to available lexica.

Morphology information for a selected wordform
Figure 5. Morphology information for a selected wordform
Important: A Greek wordform may have more than one possible morphological analysis.